• • • • • • • • The Tiger I () was a of deployed from 1942 in and usually in independent heavy tank battalions. Its final designation was Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger Ausf. E often shortened to Tiger. The Tiger I gave the its first armoured fighting vehicle that mounted the gun (not to be confused with the ). 1,347 were built between August 1942 and August 1944. ↑Friedrich Kluge, bearbeitet von Elmar Seebold: Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache. 24., durchgesehene und erweiterte Auflage. Tiger haben das typische runde Katzengesicht mit den langen Schnurrhaaren über dem Maul. Ihr Fell ist auf dem Rücken und an den Beinen rötlich-gelb bis rostrot und. After August 1944, production of the Tiger I was phased out in favour of the. While the Tiger I has been called an outstanding design for its time, it was, using expensive materials and labour-intensive production methods. The Tiger was prone to certain types of track failures and breakdowns, and was limited in range by its high fuel consumption. It was expensive to maintain, but generally mechanically reliable. It was difficult to transport, and vulnerable to immobilisation when mud, ice and snow froze between its overlapping and interleaved Schachtellaufwerk-pattern road wheels, often jamming them solid. This was a problem on the Eastern Front in the muddy season and during extreme periods of cold. [ ] The tank was given its nickname 'Tiger' by, and the was added after the later Tiger II entered production. The initial designation was Panzerkampfwagen VI Ausführung H (‘‘ VI version H’’, abbreviated PzKpfw VI Ausf. H) where 'H' denoted as the designer/manufacturer. It was classified with 182. The tank was later re-designated as PzKpfw VI Ausf. E in March 1943, with ordnance inventory designation SdKfz 181. Today, only a handful of Tigers survive in museums and exhibitions worldwide. The at the UK's, which was captured during the North Africa Campaign, is currently the only one restored to running order. Assembly facility; the vehicles are fitted with the narrower transport tracks (1943) Designation Reference Date Prototypes VK 45.01 Henschel 28 July 1941 Pz.Kpfw. H1 (VK 4501) Wa Prüf 6 21 October 1941 VK 4501 (H) Wa J Rue ( WuG 6) 5 January 1942 Tiger H1 (VK 4501 – Aufbau fur 8,8 cm Kw.K.Krupp-Turm) Wa Prüf 6 February 1942 Pz.Kpfw. VI (VK 4501/H Ausf. H1 (Tiger)) Wa Prüf 6 2 March 1942 Pz.Kpfw. 'Tiger' H Wa J Rue (WuG 6) 20 June 1942 Pz.Kpfw. VI VK 4501 (H) Tiger (H) Krupp- Turm mit 8.8 cm Kw.K. L/56 fur Ausf. H1 Wa Prüf 6 1 July 1942 Production Panzerkampfwagen VI H ( Sd.Kfz. 182) KStN 1150d 15 August 1942 Tiger I Wa Prüf 6 15 October 1942 Pz.Kpfw. H1 (Tiger H1) – 1 December 1942 Panzerkampfwagen VI H Ausf. H1 Panzerkampfwagen Tiger Ausf. E D656/21+ (Tank manual) March 1943 Pz.Kpfw. Tiger (8,8 cm L/56) ( Sd.Kfz. 181) KStN 1176e 5 March 1943 Panzerkampfwagen Tiger Ausf. 181) Panzerkampfwagen Tiger Ausf. E D656/22 (Tank manual) 7 September 1944 Hitler's order, dated 27 February 1944, abolished the designation Panzerkampfwagen VI and ratified Panzerkampfwagen Tiger Ausf. E, which was the official designation until the end of the war. For common use it was frequently shortened to Tiger. German soldiers inspect a non-penetrating hit to the Tiger's armour. A report prepared by the gave the calculated probability of perforation at range, on which various adversaries would be defeated reliably at a side angle of 30 degrees to the incoming round. The Wa Pruef report estimated that the Tiger's 88 mm gun would be capable of penetrating the differential case of an American M4 Sherman from 2,100 m (1.3 mi) and the turret front from 1,800 m (1.1 mi), but the Tiger's 88 mm gun would not penetrate the upper glacis plate at any range. The M4 Sherman's 75 mm gun would not penetrate the Tiger frontally at any range, and needed to be within 100 m to achieve a side penetration against the 80 mm upper hull superstructure. The Sherman's upgraded would have the possibility to penetrate the Tiger's driver's front plate from 600 m, the nose from 400 m and the turret front from 700 m. The used as a towed anti-aircraft and anti-tank gun, and later mounted in the and finally the late-war, could penetrate the Tiger's front plate at a range of 1,000 m using standard ammunition, and from beyond 2,000 m when using HVAP. Soviet ground trial testing conducted in May 1943 determined that the 8.8 cm KwK 36 gun could pierce the T-34-76 frontal beam nose of 140 mm thickness from 1500 m, and the front hull from 1500 m. A hit to the driver's hatch would force it to collapse inward and break apart. According to the WaPrüf, the Soviet T-34-85's upper glacis and turret front armour would be defeated between 100 and 1,400 m (0.062 and 0.870 mi), while the T-34's 85 mm gun would penetrate the front of a Tiger between 200 and 500 m (0.12 and 0.31 mi). The 120 mm hull armour of the Soviet model 1943 would be defeated between 100 and 300 m (0.062 and 0.186 mi) at the driver's front plate and nose. The IS-2's 122 mm gun could penetrate the Tiger's front armour from between 500 and 1,500 m (0.31 and 0.93 mi). However, according to Steven Zaloga, the IS-2 and Tiger I could each knock the other out in normal combat distances below 1,000 m. At longer ranges, the performance of each respective tank against each other was dependent on the crew and the combat situation. The British would become vulnerable to the Tiger at between 1,100 and 1,700 m (0.68 and 1.06 mi), its strongest point being the nose and its weakest the turret. According to an STT document dated April 1944, it was estimated that the British, as used on the, firing its normal ammunition, would penetrate the turret front and driver's visor plate of the Tiger out to 1,900 yards (1,700 m). When engaging targets, Tiger crews were encouraged to angle the hull position 45 degrees to the Mahlzeit Stellung of 10 ½ or 1 ½ o'clock. This would maximize the effective front hull armour to 180mm and side hull to 140mm, making the Tiger impervious to any Allied gun up to 152 mm. Unlike the lighter and, the Tiger's thick side armour gave a degree of confidence of immunity from flank attacks. The tank was also immune to Soviet fire to the sides and rear. Its large calibre 8.8 cm provided superior fragmentation and high explosive content over the gun. Therefore, comparing the Tiger with the Panther, for supporting the infantry and destroying fortifications, the Tiger offered superior firepower. It was also key to dealing with towed anti-tank guns; according to German tank commander: The destruction of an antitank gun was often accepted as nothing special by lay people and soldiers from other branches. Only the destruction of other tanks counted as a success. On the other hand, antitank guns counted twice as much to the experienced tanker. They were much more dangerous to us. The antitank cannon waited in ambush, well camouflaged, and magnificently set up in the terrain. Because of that, it was very difficult to identify. It was also very difficult to hit because of its low height. Usually, we didn't make out the antitank guns until they had fired the first shot. We were often hit right away, if the antitank crew was on top of things, because we had run into a wall of antitank guns. It was then advisable to keep as cool as possible and take care of the enemy, before the second aimed shot was fired. • Without weapons, optics, or radio. 399,800 combat ready. • Although 1,350 is a common figure, World War II magazine reported the figure of 1,355 in their January 1994 edition (p.16). Jentz gives a revised number of 1,347, including the prototype, the result of the most detailed investigation of the primary sources ever undertaken. • VK from the German Voll Ketten meaning 'fully tracked'; H for Henschel • Waffenamt Prüfwesen 6 – Panzer and Motorized Equipment Branch of the (Army Weapons Department) • Wa J Ru-WuG 6—Panzerkraftwagen und Zugkraftwagenabteilung – Tanks and Tractors Branch of Amtsgruppe fur Industrielle Rustung—Waffen und Gerat, the Group for Weapons and Equipment Manufacture • The data used here is from the Soviet Military Intelligence Service. With the capture of an intact Tiger at the Soviets obtained data regarding the Tiger's technical and tactical capabilities. By test firing the 8.8 cm gun against a T-34 hull, data was obtained that led to several improvements of the T-34 and development of the IS II as a new breakthrough tank. By increasing the thickness of the armour and mounting it with a very heavy 122 mm gun, the Soviet IS II became a very difficult tank to deal with. • The Br-471B projectile was ordered in spring 1945, but arrived too late to be issued for combat in Europe. Higgins, King Tiger Vs IS-2: Operation Solstice. 26 • The conservators have kept the damage caused by the ricochet unpainted; it can be observed at the Bovington Tank museum. References Citations. [1] ein Tiger im Worttrennung: Tiger, Plural: Tiger Aussprache:: [ ˈtiːɡɐ] (), () Bedeutungen: [1]: (in, zu den zählendes) sehr, (Panthera tigris), dessen, je nach, bis ( und sowie jedoch ) ist und bis aufweist [2] im übertragenen Sinne;:, deren an die der unter [1] beschriebenen erinnert Herkunft: seit dem 12. Jahrhundert, in heutiger Form seit dem 17.
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